Summer Ideas for Juniors Who Are Interested in Culinary Arts TKG

Summer Ideas for Juniors Who Are Interested in Culinary Arts While the temptation to sit and watch Ratatouille for the 10th time might be strong, don’t succumb to the couch just yet. Instead, we encourage our students to take advantage of the opportunity to blow top-choice colleges away with just how dedicated and brilliant they are. Summer is a great time to develop a niche that will set you apart from your competition. So, if you’re interested in pursuing culinary arts after high school, consider the activities below:CourseSince you’re already a superhuman at studying after all of those APs, why not keep up that momentum and take a course in something you’re really passionate about? While le Cordon Bleu does not offer courses for high schoolers, schools like Villanova do offer a two-week intensive. Students will get the opportunity glimpse into college life by living on Villanova’s campus. The focus of the course ranges from knife skills to the business end of culinary arts and includes day trips to DC and New York.The New York Tim es also offers a two-week course in art, food, and theater where high school students (grades 9-12) will learn about emerging trends in the creative fields amidst the backdrop of New York.A note: If you do opt to take a course that doesn’t span the entire summer, make sure you are doing something else productive, relevant, and rigorous with the rest of your time.Intern A friend of one of our writers was a great cook in high school. She grew up cooking excellent food (mostly recipes from where she grew up in Mexico), but had never developed her craft in other cuisines or worked on the business end. One summer, she got an internship with a Russian caterer. She worked incredibly long hours, both in the kitchen and helping to manage the business end. She had never worked harder in life but left the internship with, not only a fortified skillset in cooking and a stellar recommendation from her boss, but also the expertise necessary to pursue a career in restaurant or catering managemen t.Working or interning is an ideal way to spend your summer. Earlier in the post, we mentioned that you should spend your time developing a niche. Pick a specific track inside of the culinary arts and set your sights on really mastering that niche. Culinary schools and traditional colleges alike will have tons of applicants who are great cooks or who are interested in business, but they might only have one who is an expert in sushi supply chain management. Whatever you do, make sure it’s rigorous. Building an expertise takes hard work and colleges know that.  If your goal is to be in the kitchen, secure an internship with the top chef in her or his cuisine. If you are committed to becoming a farm-to-table restaurateur, reach out to the top startups specializing in locally-sourced events, like Outstanding in the Field. If you’re interested in culinary startup marketing, try Blue Apron. Is food criticism your true calling? Lock something down with an acclaimed publication like New York Times food column or Food + Wine. If your dream is to one day own a food empire or work in culinary television production, connect with the line producer at the Rachael Ray show.We have helped a number of our students secure impressive internships. If you don’t have connections to a company where you’d like to work, reach out to us. We can help.Need help securing a competitive internship or coming up with a strategy for the summer? Reach out to us here. That’s what we do.

Amerigo Vespucci, Explorer and Navigator

Amerigo Vespucci (1454-1512) was a Florentine sailor, explorer, and trader. He was one of the more colorful characters of the early age of discovery in the Americas and captained one of the first journeys to the New World. His lurid descriptions of the New World natives made his accounts extremely popular in Europe and as a result, it is his name - Amerigo - which eventually would be modified into America and given to two continents. Early Life Amerigo was born into a wealthy family of Florentine silk traders who had a princely estate near the city of Peretola. They were very prominent citizens of Florence and many Vespuccis held important offices. Young Amerigo received an excellent education and served for a time as a diplomat before settling in Spain just in time to witness the excitement of Columbus first voyage. He decided that he, too, wanted to be an explorer. The Alonso de Hojeda Expedition In 1499, Vespucci joined the expedition of Alonso de Hojeda (also spelled Ojeda), a veteran of Columbus second voyage. The 1499 expedition included four ships and was accompanied by well-known cosmographer and cartographer Juan de la Cosa, who had gone on Columbus first two voyages. The expedition explored much of the northeastern coast of South America, including stops in Trinidad and Guyana. They also visited a tranquil bay and named it Venezuela, or Little Venice. The name stuck. Like Columbus, Vespucci suspected that he may have been looking at the long-lost Garden of Eden, the Earthly Paradise. The expedition found some gold, pearls, and emeralds and captured some slaves for sale, but still was not very profitable. Return to the New World Vespucci had earned a reputation as a skilled sailor and leader during his time with Hojeda, and he was able to convince the King of Portugal to finance a three-ship expedition in 1501. He had become convinced during his first trip that the lands he had seen were not, in fact, Asia, but something altogether new and previously unknown. The purpose of his 1501-1502 journey, therefore, became the location of a practical passage to Asia. He explored the eastern coast of South America, including much of Brazil, and may have gone as far as the Platte River in Argentina before returning to Europe. On this journey, he became more convinced than ever that the recently discovered lands were something new: the coast of Brazil that he had explored was much too far to the south to be India. This put him at odds with Christopher Columbus, who insisted until his death that the lands he had discovered were, in fact, Asia. In Vespuccis letters to his friends and patrons, he explained his new theories. Fame and Celebrity Vespuccis journey was not an extremely important one in relation to many of the others taking place at the time. Nevertheless, the seasoned navigator found himself something of a celebrity within a short time due to the publication of some letters he had allegedly written to his friend, Lorenzo di Pierfrancesco de Medici. Published under the name Mundus Novus (New World) the letters became an immediate sensation. They included fairly direct (for the sixteenth century) descriptions of sexuality (naked women!) as well as the radical theory that the recently discovered lands were, in fact, new. Mundus Novis was followed closely by a second publication, Quattuor Americi Vesputi Navigationes (Four Voyages of Amerigo Vespucci). Supposedly letters from Vespucci to Piero Soderini, a Florentine statesman, the publication describes four voyages (1497, 1499, 1501 and 1503) undertaken by Vespucci. Most historians believe some of the letters to be fakes: there is little other evidence that Vespucci even made the 1497 and 1503 journeys. Whether some of the letters were fakes or not, the two books were immensely popular in Europe. Translated into several languages, they were passed around and discussed exhaustively. Vespucci became an instant celebrity and was asked to serve on the committee which advised the King of Spain about New World policy. America In 1507, Martin Waldseemà ¼ller, who worked in the town of Saint-Dià © in Alsace, published two maps together with Cosmographiae Introductio, an introduction to cosmography. The book included the purported letters from Vespucci’s four voyages as well as sections reprinted from  Ptolemy. On the maps, he referred to the newly discovered lands as â€Å"America,† in honor of Vespucci. It included an engraving of Ptolemy looking to the East and Vespucci looking to the West. Waldseemà ¼ller also gave Columbus plenty of credit, but it was the name America that stuck in the New World. Later Life Vespucci only ever made two journeys to the New World. When his fame spread, he was named to a board of royal advisers in Spain along with former shipmate Juan de la Cosa, Vicente Yà ¡Ãƒ ±ez Pinzà ³n (captain of the Nià ±a on Columbus’ first voyage) and Juan Dà ­az de Solà ­s. Vespucci was named  Piloto Mayor, â€Å"Chief Pilot† of the Spanish Empire, in charge of establishing and documenting routes to the west. It was a lucrative and important position as all expeditions needed pilots and navigators, all of whom were answerable to him. Vespucci established a school of sorts, to train pilots and navigators, modernize long-distance navigation, collect charts and journals and basically collect and centralize all cartographic information. He died in 1512. Legacy Were it not for his famous name, immortalized on not one but two continents,  Amerigo Vespucci  would today no doubt be a minor figure in world history, well-known to historians but unheard of outside of certain circles. Contemporaries such as Vicente Yà ¡Ãƒ ±ez Pinzà ³n and Juan de la Cosa were arguably more important explorers and navigators. Heard of them? Didn’t think so. That’s not to lessen Vespucci’s accomplishments, which were considerable. He was a very talented navigator and explorer who was respected by his men. When he served as Piloto Mayor, he encouraged key advances in navigation and trained future navigators. His letters – whether he actually wrote them or not – inspired many to learn more about the New World and colonize it. He was neither the first nor the last to envision the route to the west that was eventually discovered by  Ferdinand Magellan  and  Juan Sebastià ¡n Elcano, but he was one of the best-known. It’s even arguable that he deserves the eternal recognition of having his name on North and South America. He was one of the first to openly defy the still-influential Columbus and declare that the New World was, in fact, something new and unknown and not simply a previously-uncharted part of Asia. It took courage to contradict not only Columbus but all of the ancient writers (such as  Aristotle) who had no knowledge of continents to the west. Source: Thomas, Hugh.  Rivers of Gold: The Rise of the Spanish Empire, from Columbus to Magellan.  New York: Random House, 2005.

Analysis Of Jude s The Bible - 1171 Words

Consisting of only 25 verses, Jude is often an overlooked letter in the Bible. Jude had two purposes in writing his letter. His first purpose was to make believers aware of the false teachers that were penetrating their way into the communities; his second purpose was to encourage Christians to fight for truth and stand firm in their faith. Jude was aware that the false teachers were very crafty in bring their doctrine, gods, and beliefs into the lives and teachings of the Christians, and therefore he wanted to give detail and waring about how detrimental this can be. Being aware of a problem is not enough. Jude then encourages the believers to stand for truth and speak out against the false teachers. He gave them instructions on how to do†¦show more content†¦The second argument is that the referral to apostolic teachings (â€Å"the predictions of the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ†) would make the writing be of a late date, which would not be true if the half-bro ther of Jesus was writing this book. The third, and final argument is that Jude did not state he is the brother of Jesus. Jude’s role as ‘a servant of Christ’ gave his letter more authority than being the ‘brother of Christ.’ None of the arguments against Jude, the brother of James, the half-brother of Jesus are strong enough not believe the claim made in scripture. There is not an exact date given for the writing of this letter. If the letter is pseudonymous, then the date of authorship would be approximately A.D. 100. However, if Jude the half-brother of Jesus is the author then the approximate date of authorship would be before A.D. 90. Jude and 2 Peter are closely related and some believe one was used to write the other. If Jude used 2 Peter to write his letter, then it can be assumed the letter was authored between A.D. 64-65. However, if Jude was used to write 2 Peter than an earlier date would be required. There is not an exact date of when the letter was written, and the date is still argued today. Despite the questions of authorship and date, Jude is a canonical book of the Bible. â€Å"A canonical book is one that measures up to the standard of Holy Scripture. Thus, the canon of ScriptureShow MoreRelatedBig Foot Essay948 Words   |  4 Pagesand 1900’s hundreds of Bigfoot’s emerged. People found in letters, books, and old newspaper clippings, that people recorded sightings of a hairy covered half man, half ape. Others tell of the discovery of unusually large, but human-like footprints on a trail, or human-like noises described as gibberish, jabber, or a baby’s cry. Occasionally, an inhuman, horrifying yell could be heard in the dead of the night. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;â€Å"Statistical analysis was appliedRead MoreReligious Homosexual Oppression4676 Words   |  19 Pagesdegree. Homosexuality is mentioned in the Bible, in the Quran, in writings of the Bahai Prophet Bahaullah, and in other texts considered sacred in various world religions. Thus, homosexuality is a legitimate area for theologians to study. It always seemed to me a bit pointless to disapprove of homosexuality. Its like disapproving of rain. Francis Maude Religious conservatives believe in the freedom of error -- the inerrancy -- of the Bible. They base their beliefs about homosexual behaviorRead More A Comparison of Christian Symbols in Song of Solomon, Sula, and Beloved2397 Words   |  10 Pagessymbols of their native spirituality. In interviews and articles regarding her works, Morrison seems to take on a tone of rejection towards the idea that the civilization of blacks was beneficial. However, through her use of blatant parallels to the Bible and obvious references to Christian doctrine, it is easy to see how a reader might interpret Morrison’s stance as one of affirmation of at least the Christianizing aspect of civilization. Because of the broadness of Morrison’s mix in usage of ChristianRead MoreRevelation 3 : 1-6 Contracts2311 Words   |  10 PagesRevelation 3:1-6 deals with the writings to the angel of the church in Sardis. This paper will offer an exegetical analysis by identifying and examining the historical context, studying significant terms, and analyzing the text verse by verse. The author of Revelation is John of Patmos, who also wrote the fourth gospel and the three letters of John. The facts that support this are that the writer referred to himself as John, he had personal relationships with the seven churches of Asia Minor, his

Cyber-bullying Powered by Technology - 869 Words

Cyber-bullying has become a huge issue recently not only in high school but in the middle schools as well. For awhile there it seemed that just about every time you turned on the news there was another story of bullying or a suicide related to bullying incident being reported. â€Å"Love is louder† has become a popular phrase among celebrities and other influential figures lately. They’re trying to send out a message to anyone listening saying that bullying is wrong and it shouldn’t be tolerated. With the expansion of communication technologies, bullies are gaining more and more ways to torture their victims. The fact of the matter is, technology isn’t going anywhere anytime soon, so we need to come up with a way to end cyber-bullies permanently. Cyber-bullying is becoming more of a problem and all of us need to work together in figuring out how we can stop cyber-bullies once and for all. Until we take precautionary measures, cyber-bullies will continue to be a threat to today’s youth. Before putting an end to cyber-bullying we must comprehend why and how a cyber-bully works. By understanding how a cyber-bully works we’ll be able to better defend our youth population as technology expands. Cyber-bullying is mainly powered by technology and as it expands, bullying becomes harder to notice and stop. Bullying over social media makes it easier for the attacker to get away with their harmful behavior. Although the Internet has kicked opened multiple doors to new possibilities in theShow MoreRelatedCyber Bullying And Its Effects1411 Words   |  6 Pagesthat cyber-bullying incidents have quadrupled in past five years (Ross). Cyber-bullying has become a huge issue recently. Every time you turn on the news there is another bullying, or a suicide related to bullying, incident being reported. â€Å"Love is louder† has been a common phrase among celebrities and influential figures lately. They are trying to send out a message to their followers saying that bullying is not right and should not be tolerated. The expansion of communication technologies is wideningRead MoreCyber Bullying And Its Effects1411 Words   |  6 Pagesthat cyber-bullying incidents have quadrupled i n past five years (Ross). Cyber-bullying has become a huge issue recently. Every time you turn on the news there is another bullying, or a suicide related to bullying, incident being reported. â€Å"Love is louder† has been a common phrase among celebrities and influential figures lately. They are trying to send out a message to their followers saying that bullying is not right and should not be tolerated. The expansion of communication technologies is wideningRead MoreTeens as Victims of Cyberbullying1482 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Around half of teens have been the victims of cyber bullies,† Richard Webster from the â€Å"Cyber bullying is when a person or a group is trying to embarrass and harm or intimidate those who are weaker than them†. â€Å"Cyber bullying to texting: What’s on your kids ‘Cell?† What is cyber bullying? The Stop bullying Organization explains what the meaning of cyber bullying is. Cyber bullies are able to use cells phones and the internet to make it very easy bully other people. Lawmakers and Schools shouldRead MoreCriminalization of Cyberbullying1026 Words   |  5 Pageseffects of cyber bullying are becoming a growing problem, the criminalization of cyber bullying is needed to prevent its harmful repercussions to the United States and serve as a deterrent. 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Bullying takes place more in middle school becauseRead MoreThe Four Major Categories Of Computer Crimes Essay1341 Words   |  6 Pages -Within this writing assignment, I will discuss the four major categories of computer crimes. I will explain the most common forms of digital crime and why cyber terrorism is the greatest threat. I will also discuss the roles of the U.S. government, court systems, and law enforcement agencies in combating computer crime. First, we will define the four major categories of computer crimes. -The technical definition of computer crimes is an act performed by a knowledgeable computer user, sometimesRead MoreWe Can Not Spell Bullying Or Stupid Without Iu 1849 Words   |  8 PagesNovember 2015 You Cannot Spell Bullying or Stupid without ‘IU’ The act of bullying in the school setting has been a recurring theme in American History, as it is still ubiquitous despite efforts from mediators, programs, speakers wanting to fix this situation. Though many people may consider such efforts futile, bullying is a real-life situation and it is important for students to understand that it is unacceptable for their peers to feel undermined from it. Bullying is something that is common, asRead MoreNegative Effects Of Smartphones Essay1495 Words   |  6 Pagesthus, prolonging a task that may only take half an hour to complete to a task that takes one or two hours to complete instead. Moreover, the study also suggests that â€Å"even if a phone’s out of sight in a bag, even if it’s set to silent, even if it’s powered off, its mere presence will reduce someone’s working memory and problem solving skills† (Meyer). This reveals that smartphones can still negatively impact a user’s attention span d espite being out of view because the act of looking at one’s phone

A Proposal for a Debate Club of a School free essay sample

We are practicing debate ad participate in different tournament. Beside this we have also other activities like: * Arranging debate tournament in national level and local level. * Maintaining practice sessions for our debaters. * Arranging workshop for the improvement of debaters. * Arranging leading and legendary debaters’ class as the national and international level workshop. * Practice for Bengali and English debate. * Club Committee: Every club has an active committee for maintaining the disciplines of the club. We will also have an active club committee. The format is given below: Chief Advisor: Head Master himself. * Advisor: One concerned Teacher. * Club Conveyors: Three Senior Ex-students. * Mentors: Could be Ex- students. * President: One Active Student. We will write a custom essay sample on A Proposal for a Debate Club of a School or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page * Vice-President: One Active Student. * Head of Logistics Department: One Active Student. * Head of Debate and Workshop: One Active Student. * Head of Public Relation: One Active Student. * Treasurer: One Active Student. * Head of Socials: One Active Student. * Head of Sponsors: One Active Student. * Members: Two Active Junior Representatives. There will no discrimination for the designations. Every single individual who is qualified for the post will look after that department. Every active committee will elected for one year. * Club Awards: For the improvement of the quality of the debate, we will provide awards to acknowledge the best debaters in the following sector: * Best Debater of the year. * Best Team (Internal) * Best Speaker in respective position. * Sprit of Debate for the year. * Honorable Headmaster Award for the participation in debate and other club activities. * Best Organizer. * Organizers: This is not mandatory that every member should debate in the club. They can also attend for organizing. We will provide opportunities to the member to attend in domestic and international level debate tournament as an organizer. * Recruitment: Recruitment is very important part of the HR department of a club. For our debate club we recruit only once in the whole year. As the debate calendar starts from February to December. So we recruit our debaters at December last and arrange a practice workshop for the new recruits at January. For the first time we recruit about 50 people from 6 to 10 both from Morning and Day shift. For this fact, the club will run without any financial help from the school. It will run by its own fund which is maintained by the members and the supporters. And the tournaments will run by the sponsors and the school. School will have to provide at least 30% of the Total Budget of the tournament (This will applicable only for the Annual Debate Championship). The budget along with the permission proposal will send to the School Authority before the tournaments. At the initial stage, the mentors will be the senior Ex- Debaters of the school. So there will no cost for training the debaters.

Scholarship That Help To Improve Our Services

Scholarship Scholarship 01 Jun 2016 Value: 250$ 2,500$ Starts on: June 1st 2016 Closes on: October 24st 2016 Tenure award: One Year Number of awards: Unlimited Previous winners: in  the Hall of Fame Background Since we have launched  Robot Don, machine learning tool that facilitates essay writing, we would continuously receive vulnerabilities reports, minor bugs and usability suggestions. Aside from the essay writing software, our contributors have been trying  Ã‚  and have even found some serious flaws. To honor the bright external contributions that help us build better products we have launched an Scholarship. Rules Scope of services Any of service or feature available through 1) robotdon.com or 2) is intended to be in scope of this scholarship. Qualifying suggestions Any design or implementation issue that affects the operations, logics and/or usability of the software is likely to be in the scope of the scholarship. Examples may include: Authentication or authorization flaws Server-side code execution bugs Algorithm implementation flaws. Usability suggestions Application start: âÅ"” The contest starts June 1 2016 and will be held on a year round basis. âÅ"” Submission sent prior June 1 2016 will not be accepted. Eligibility Anyone whose submission meets the qualifying suggestions is eligible. International submissions welcome, including from students (undergraduate or postgraduate) enrolled in a degree at any university. Non-students submissions are eligible. Usability suggestions. Please direct any questions about the program to . Rewards Awards range from a minimum of US$250 up to $2,500 with an unlimited reward pool. There is no limits to the reward amount per a period of time (week, month, etc). Monetary rewards aside, bugs ideas reporters who work with us to resolve flaws in our products will be credited on the Hall of Fame. If we file a bug or an idea, we will acknowledge your contribution on that page. If  you are looking for right place to order your  essay you can choose  scholarship essay writing service by . How to participate Please, send your reports through email: . Title: BIH report. Entries format: any. Legal note Employees of and their family members are not eligible for the scholarship. There is no cost involved to enter for either students or universities/colleges. Rewards will not be issued to individuals on a sanctions lists, or who are in countries (e.g. North Korea, Sudan and Syria) on sanctions lists. You are responsible for any tax implications depending on your country of residency and citizenship. There may be additional restrictions on your ability to enter depending upon your local law. Your testing must not violate any law, or disrupt or compromise any data that is not your own. may amend the program’s terms or revoke the program at any time without prior notice.

Network Planning Essays

Network Planning Essays Network Planning Essay Network Planning Essay I have decided to do the Bargain Booze project. This seems the most logical of choices as there are many more options to explore. It is the project that has the biggest need for change. I also have the most information and knowledge about this business and can therefore make much better recommendations. I have personal experience of working within a few Bargain Booze shops around Stoke on Trent, I have also been a customer in other similar shops. I know the system well and all of its weaknesses and spent many hours thinking about how it could be improved. I still have access to the shops and the systems used as well as having friends that still work there. There are three main layouts in the shop and these are shown on the next page. These are extremely important to look at in relation to the proposed topologies for the network. Resources Each site has similar needs because of the basic Bargain Booze layout of having a few tills at each site. As shown on the next page, the three main layouts used in Stoke on Trent use either one or two computers. The computers that run the till software need to be fairly new to be capable of handling the associated hardware 2GB RAM and a 100GB hard drive would be consider minimum to hold the necessary information from sales. Peripherals used should be wireless so that there are no unnecessary wires when the mouse and keyboard can be stored away. Each till needs specialist till equipment software, scanner, till drawer, price display, and keyboard and receipt printer. There is also a need for lasers printers as the current dot matrix printers are slow and provide bad quality print outs. Bargain Booze has also requested enhanced security to include CCTV running separately from the till systems, preferably handled externally. There should also be motion sensors and multiple panic buttons where all staff can access them. This should be available as a security bundled from an external company. The actual network is quite simple for Bargain Booze. The most expensive needs of Bargain Booze are the routers at each site. Cat 5 cables are needed to connect between the router and the computers. An engineering kit to actually install the network would also be needed. To provide the network, an outside line is needed that is provided by Bargain Boozes ISP. Physical Constraints of the Network The system is going to connect several sites together and needs to work well. There are several options for a network such as this. The limited number of computers at each site reduces the need for an overly advanced system but the distance between the sites is going to be a major factor. Bus Bus topologies are one of the simplest ways of connecting together computers. Each computer is connected to a single cable that the signal can travel between them and at either end; a terminator is used to absorb the signal. This topology is passive and computers only listen for the signal and do not move the signal further across the network. Because of this, only one device may transmit data at a time. The simplicity of this networks means that it is very easy to install initially and then later extend. It also uses a lot less cabling than other topologies and requires no expensive equipment to set up, making it also much cheaper to implement than other topologies. Whilst this network isnt the most efficient network it is suitable for small networks or temporary connections. The main problem with this topology is that is relies on a single cable which is restricted to a certain cable length (depending on the type of cable used) and this will also restrict the number of computers that can be connected. Also, in the event of this cable becoming damaged, the entire network will go down and to fix this cable can be costly and time consuming. This is a potential option. Having a Bus network at each site would be relatively simple and as each site is unlikely to expand within the shops in the future; this would not be a limitation. Each of the sites will then be connected together. Star The Star Topology is based around a single device (such as a hub, switch or router) and all the computers on the network connecting to it through UTP cables. This means that all devices have their own separate connection to the network. If a single cable has a problem, then only that computer will become disconnected from the network. As this topology commonly uses UTP cabling, it is restricted to a maximum cable length of 100 metres. This topology is most suited for much larger networks and is frequently found in larger companies. It can also handle many more connections and this makes is very easy to expand. Instead of the wires being the weak part of the network, in a star network it is the hub that causes problems if it goes down. It is also much more expensive than a simple bus network as it requires expensive hardware at the centre of all of the connections as well as more cabling. A star topology is an option for Bargain Booze. Each site would have a star network and then all the sites will then be connected with an extended star. However, the lack of number of computers at each site means that this may be overkill for the number of connections needed but the reliability makes this an option, as does the relatively short distance between the computer and the connecting device. Ring Computers linked using the Ring Topology, will always be connected to two other computers, linking all devices together. Each computer forwards on the signal to one of the devices connected to it, allowing many computers to be connected to it. This topology relies on constantly working computers, if one goes down then the entire network will stop working. It is also slower and more expensive than a star topology. Another major drawback is that when a computer is either added or taken away, there is major disruption to the network until ring is completed once again. This can make maintenance costly and time consuming and will lead to business delays. A ring network would not be an option. It is more expensive than a star network but is much more limited in what it can do and how it is used. Rings should be replaced with stars in all but a few cases. Bargain Booze will be using an Extended Star as shown in the network diagram below. Analyse potential developments in networking technology which may affect the project. The biggest potential developments are increasing bandwidth and reduced costs. Both of these could dramatically impact the network if what we need for the network was not either currently available or currently within our budget. For Bargain Booze, we do not need a high bandwidth network. As we are currently not even using all of the bandwidth available to us, any newer technologies that have more bandwidth would be too much for the network. It is also likely to be too expensive for a network such as Bargain Booze. Increased bandwidth tasks such as video conferencing would push Bargain Booze towards this, but as it is a simple business a standard wired network is possibly. Fibre Optic cabling is the next step towards higher speed networks. Even though Bargain Booze is not using high bandwidth technologies, they must still be compatible if/when the entire country switches over to fibre. The system should also be designed so that Bargain booze may switch to cabling in the future if they need to. The cost of equipment is constantly changing as newer equipment appears to replace it. Each time a new generation of kit comes out; it pushes the costs of older kit down. This means that being a generation behind is usually cheaper. Because the world of computing is constantly changing and improving; even second generation kit is almost always more than capable of carrying out required tasks. The only time newer kit is required is in extremely demanding situations. A new standard for wireless is about to be released and this is called 802.11n. It is hoped that this is the technology that will push wired users towards wireless connectivity as both speed and range are vastly improved over the existing system. It is hoped that 802.11n will double the speed of wireless and so far, testing is saying that this is true. Making wireless faster and more secure could make it a substitute for situations such as Bargain Boozes network where at the moment, wireless just isnt justifiable. Identify and calculate the cost of all the resources required.